Emergency crews were called to an apartment building on McHardy Place near Main and Queen streets around 2:30 a.m.
Peel Regional Police said they helped evacuate the building and that a male patient was later taken to hospital with serious injuries. He was pronounced dead later Thursday morning.
Brampton Fire Chief Bill Boyes said fire crews are helping to assist displaced residents at the scene.
The fire department announced that the fire has been brought under control and the investigations in the building have been completed.
It is not yet clear what caused the fire.
The Ontario Fire Marshal’s Office has been notified of the fire, Boyes said.